What is the difference between collection and array in java

Size is fixed 1. Size is not fixed, size is growable 2. Can hold both primitive types boolean, byte, short, int, long …etc and object types. Can hold only object types 3. There is no underlying data structures in arrays.

The array itself used as data structure in java. Every Collection class there is underlying data structure. There is no utility methods in arrays 4. Every Collection provides utility methods Why collections? We need to increase size based on requirement. Arrays can only holds one type of elements. Collections can hold different type of elements. It will reduce the coding time. Core Java. Tags arrays arrays vs collections Collections.

Parameters: a - the array to be sorted sort public static void sort long[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order. Parameters: a - the array to be sorted sort public static void sort short[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.

Parameters: a - the array to be sorted sort public static void sort char[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order. Parameters: a - the array to be sorted sort public static void sort byte[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.

NaN value compares neither less than, greater than, nor equal to any value, even itself. This method uses the total order imposed by the method Float. Float : NaN is considered greater than any other value and all Float. NaN values are considered equal.

Parameters: a - the array to be sorted sort public static void sort float[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order. This method uses the total order imposed by the method Double. Double : NaN is considered greater than any other value and all Double. Parameters: a - the array to be sorted sort public static void sort double[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.

Implementation Note: The sorting algorithm is a parallel sort-merge that breaks the array into sub-arrays that are themselves sorted and then merged. When the sub-array length reaches a minimum granularity, the sub-array is sorted using the appropriate Arrays.

If the length of the specified array is less than the minimum granularity, then it is sorted using the appropriate Arrays. The algorithm requires a working space no greater than the size of the original array. The ForkJoin common pool is used to execute any parallel tasks. Parameters: a - the array to be sorted Since: 1.

The algorithm requires a working space no greater than the size of the specified range of the original array. All elements in the array must implement the Comparable interface. Furthermore, all elements in the array must be mutually comparable that is, e1. This sort is guaranteed to be stable : equal elements will not be reordered as a result of the sort. Type Parameters: T - the class of the objects to be sorted Parameters: a - the array to be sorted Throws: ClassCastException - if the array contains elements that are not mutually comparable for example, strings and integers IllegalArgumentException - optional if the natural ordering of the array elements is found to violate the Comparable contract Since: 1.

The range to be sorted extends from index fromIndex , inclusive, to index toIndex , exclusive. All elements in this range must implement the Comparable interface. Furthermore, all elements in this range must be mutually comparable that is, e1. All elements in the array must be mutually comparable by the specified comparator that is, c. Type Parameters: T - the class of the objects to be sorted Parameters: a - the array to be sorted cmp - the comparator to determine the order of the array.

A null value indicates that the elements' natural ordering should be used. Throws: ClassCastException - if the array contains elements that are not mutually comparable using the specified comparator IllegalArgumentException - optional if the comparator is found to violate the Comparator contract Since: 1.

All elements in the range must be mutually comparable by the specified comparator that is, c. Type Parameters: T - the class of the objects to be sorted Parameters: a - the array to be sorted fromIndex - the index of the first element inclusive to be sorted toIndex - the index of the last element exclusive to be sorted cmp - the comparator to determine the order of the array.

Implementation note: This implementation is a stable, adaptive, iterative mergesort that requires far fewer than n lg n comparisons when the input array is partially sorted, while offering the performance of a traditional mergesort when the input array is randomly ordered. If the input array is nearly sorted, the implementation requires approximately n comparisons. The implementation takes equal advantage of ascending and descending order in its input array, and can take advantage of ascending and descending order in different parts of the the same input array.

It is well-suited to merging two or more sorted arrays: simply concatenate the arrays and sort the resulting array. Parameters: a - the array to be sorted Throws: ClassCastException - if the array contains elements that are not mutually comparable for example, strings and integers IllegalArgumentException - optional if the natural ordering of the array elements is found to violate the Comparable contract sort public static void sort Object [] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex Sorts the specified range of the specified array of objects into ascending order, according to the natural ordering of its elements.

Type Parameters: T - the class of the objects to be sorted Parameters: a - the array to be sorted c - the comparator to determine the order of the array.

Type Parameters: T - the class of the objects to be sorted Parameters: a - the array to be sorted fromIndex - the index of the first element inclusive to be sorted toIndex - the index of the last element exclusive to be sorted c - the comparator to determine the order of the array.

Throws: ClassCastException - if the array contains elements that are not mutually comparable using the specified comparator. For example if the array initially holds [2, 1, 0, 3] and the operation performs addition, then upon return the array holds [2, 3, 3, 6]. Parallel prefix computation is usually more efficient than sequential loops for large arrays.

Type Parameters: T - the class of the objects in the array Parameters: array - the array, which is modified in-place by this method op - a side-effect-free, associative function to perform the cumulation Throws: NullPointerException - if the specified array or function is null Since: 1. Parameters: array - the array, which is modified in-place by this method op - a side-effect-free, associative function to perform the cumulation Throws: NullPointerException - if the specified array or function is null Since: 1.

For example if the array initially holds [2. Because floating-point operations may not be strictly associative, the returned result may not be identical to the value that would be obtained if the operation was performed sequentially.

Parameters: array - the array, which is modified in-place by this method op - a side-effect-free function to perform the cumulation Throws: NullPointerException - if the specified array or function is null Since: 1.

The array must be sorted as by the sort long[] method prior to making this call. If it is not sorted, the results are undefined. If the array contains multiple elements with the specified value, there is no guarantee which one will be found. Parameters: a - the array to be searched key - the value to be searched for Returns: index of the search key, if it is contained in the array; otherwise, - insertion point - 1.

The insertion point is defined as the point at which the key would be inserted into the array: the index of the first element greater than the key, or a. The range must be sorted as by the sort long[], int, int method prior to making this call.

If the range contains multiple elements with the specified value, there is no guarantee which one will be found. Parameters: a - the array to be searched fromIndex - the index of the first element inclusive to be searched toIndex - the index of the last element exclusive to be searched key - the value to be searched for Returns: index of the search key, if it is contained in the array within the specified range; otherwise, - insertion point - 1.

The insertion point is defined as the point at which the key would be inserted into the array: the index of the first element in the range greater than the key, or toIndex if all elements in the range are less than the specified key. The array must be sorted as by the sort int[] method prior to making this call. The range must be sorted as by the sort int[], int, int method prior to making this call. The array must be sorted as by the sort short[] method prior to making this call. The range must be sorted as by the sort short[], int, int method prior to making this call.

The array must be sorted as by the sort char[] method prior to making this call. The range must be sorted as by the sort char[], int, int method prior to making this call. The array must be sorted as by the sort byte[] method prior to making this call. The range must be sorted as by the sort byte[], int, int method prior to making this call. The array must be sorted as by the sort double[] method prior to making this call. This method considers all NaN values to be equivalent and equal.

The range must be sorted as by the sort double[], int, int method prior to making this call. The array must be sorted as by the sort float[] method prior to making this call. The range must be sorted as by the sort float[], int, int method prior to making this call.

The array must be sorted into ascending order according to the natural ordering of its elements as by the sort Object[] method prior to making this call. If the array contains elements that are not mutually comparable for example, strings and integers , it cannot be sorted according to the natural ordering of its elements, hence results are undefined.

If the array contains multiple elements equal to the specified object, there is no guarantee which one will be found. Throws: ClassCastException - if the search key is not comparable to the elements of the array. The range must be sorted into ascending order according to the natural ordering of its elements as by the sort Object[], int, int method prior to making this call.

If the range contains elements that are not mutually comparable for example, strings and integers , it cannot be sorted according to the natural ordering of its elements, hence results are undefined. If the range contains multiple elements equal to the specified object, there is no guarantee which one will be found. Throws: ClassCastException - if the search key is not comparable to the elements of the array within the specified range. The array must be sorted into ascending order according to the specified comparator as by the sort T[], Comparator method prior to making this call.

Type Parameters: T - the class of the objects in the array Parameters: a - the array to be searched key - the value to be searched for c - the comparator by which the array is ordered.

Returns: index of the search key, if it is contained in the array; otherwise, - insertion point - 1. Throws: ClassCastException - if the array contains elements that are not mutually comparable using the specified comparator, or the search key is not comparable to the elements of the array using this comparator. The range must be sorted into ascending order according to the specified comparator as by the sort T[], int, int, Comparator method prior to making this call.

Type Parameters: T - the class of the objects in the array Parameters: a - the array to be searched fromIndex - the index of the first element inclusive to be searched toIndex - the index of the last element exclusive to be searched key - the value to be searched for c - the comparator by which the array is ordered. Returns: index of the search key, if it is contained in the array within the specified range; otherwise, - insertion point - 1. Throws: ClassCastException - if the range contains elements that are not mutually comparable using the specified comparator, or the search key is not comparable to the elements in the range using this comparator.

Two arrays are considered equal if both arrays contain the same number of elements, and all corresponding pairs of elements in the two arrays are equal. In other words, two arrays are equal if they contain the same elements in the same order. Also, two array references are considered equal if both are null. Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal equals public static boolean equals int[] a, int[] a2 Returns true if the two specified arrays of ints are equal to one another.

Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal equals public static boolean equals short[] a, short[] a2 Returns true if the two specified arrays of shorts are equal to one another.

Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal equals public static boolean equals char[] a, char[] a2 Returns true if the two specified arrays of chars are equal to one another. Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal equals public static boolean equals byte[] a, byte[] a2 Returns true if the two specified arrays of bytes are equal to one another.

Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal equals public static boolean equals boolean[] a, boolean[] a2 Returns true if the two specified arrays of booleans are equal to one another. Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal equals public static boolean equals double[] a, double[] a2 Returns true if the two specified arrays of doubles are equal to one another.

Two doubles d1 and d2 are considered equal if: new Double d1. Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal See Also: Double. Two floats f1 and f2 are considered equal if: new Float f1.

Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal See Also: Float. The two arrays are considered equal if both arrays contain the same number of elements, and all corresponding pairs of elements in the two arrays are equal.

In other words, the two arrays are equal if they contain the same elements in the same order. Parameters: a - one array to be tested for equality a2 - the other array to be tested for equality Returns: true if the two arrays are equal fill public static void fill long[] a, long val Assigns the specified long value to each element of the specified array of longs. Parameters: a - the array to be filled val - the value to be stored in all elements of the array fill public static void fill long[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, long val Assigns the specified long value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of longs.

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